COUNTRY

Employment contracts in Ghana should be written if the employment is for six months or more and must contain both parties’ rights and obligations. Employers must provide a written statement with the name of the employer and employee, start date, job title, work hours, salary, annual leave, social security, overtime payment, sick leave and dispute resolution within two months of the employment starting. Employment contracts can be indefinite for long-term employment, while fixed-term contracts are for project-based work. Employers can also use temporary worker contracts for those employed for fewer than six months and casual work contracts for work as and when required. There are no statutory provisions for background screening but checks directly related to employment are allowed.

The standard workweek in Ghana is 40 hours or eight hours a day over five days. Employees receive a 12-hour rest period over 24 hours and 48 hours over a period of one week. Employees cannot work overtime unless both parties agree.

Those younger than 18 years old can only be employed if they are declared fit by a doctor. They cannot be employed in dangerous environments or in underground mines. Evening work is between 10 p.m. and 7 a.m. and a pregnant woman cannot work those hours.

Ghana does not have rules for sick leave.

Female employees receive 12 weeks of paid maternity leave in Ghana which can be extended by two weeks if there are complications during the pregnancy or if there are multiple births. Her contract is protected during maternity leave. Maternity benefits are paid at 100% of the employee's normal wages. There is currently no paternity leave in Ghana.

Ghana has a minimum wage.

Employees receive 15 days of paid annual leave in Ghana.

In Ghana, the public holidays are:

• New Year’s Day

• Constitution Day

• Independence Day

• Good Friday

• Easter Monday

• May Day / Workers’ Day

• Eid-ul-Fitr

• Eid-ul-Adha

• Founders’ Day

• Kwame Nkrumah Memorial Day

• Farmers' Day

• Christmas Day

• Boxing Day

Ghana provides universal healthcare, although supplementary private healthcare is recommended.

Notice of termination in Ghana ranges from seven days to a month depending on length of service, while those working on contracts with "at will" clauses require no notice. Severance pay is tiered based on the amount of time the employee has worked at a company and ranges from eight to 13 weeks. Employers can terminate contracts for misconduct, incompetence and redundancy, and the employer must provide written notice. For redundancy, the employer must provide written notice to the Labor Officer, the trade union and include the reason for termination within three months of planned redundancy. The trade union must be consulted to help minimize the adverse effects of redundancy.